Sunrise and sunset times in Caltignaga
EditSunrise in Caltignaga today is at 7:20 am and sunset is at 4:58 pm. Today has 9 hours, 38 minutes of daylight, 2 minutes, 33 seconds less than yesterday. Read moreShow less
When it gets light and dark in Caltignaga
Dawn (first light) is at 6:49 am, 31 minutes before sunrise, when civil twilight begins. The first faint glow in the sky (astronomical twilight) starts at 5:38 am.
It gets dark in Caltignaga at 5:30 pm (dusk), 32 minutes after sunset, when civil twilight ends. Astronomical night starts at 6:41 pm.
Golden hour and blue hour in Caltignaga
Golden hour is 7:01–8:05 am and 4:14–5:18 pm.
Blue hour is 6:49–7:01 am, before sunrise, and 5:18–5:30 pm, after sunset.
Solar noon is at 12:10 pm, when the Sun is highest, 27° above the horizon.
Sunrise and sunset in Caltignaga tomorrow
Tomorrow in Caltignaga, sunrise is at 7:21 am and sunset is at 4:57 pm.
Clock change in Caltignaga
Daylight saving time starts on March 28, 2027: clocks go forward one hour, and sunrise and sunset come about an hour later by the clock.
Today
November 12, 2026. Current time: 5:27:18 pm
Sunrise time: 7:20:22 amWhen the top edge of the Sun appears over a flat, clear horizon. Behind hills, mountains or buildings the Sun appears a few minutes later (or more in a valley).
Start of astronomical twilight: the Sun is 18° below the horizon and the sky begins to brighten, too faintly to notice in a city.6:49First light6:48:30 am
Start of civil twilight: the Sun is 6° below the horizon, and there is enough light to be outdoors without artificial light.6:49–7:01Blue hour6:48:30 am – 7:00:41 am
Blue hour: the Sun is between 6° and 4° below the horizon. The sky turns deep blue and lit buildings stand out against it.7:01–8:05Golden hour7:00:41 am – 8:04:58 am
Golden hour: the Sun is between 4° below and 6° above the horizon. The light is warm and soft and the shadows are long.
Sunset time: 4:58:38 pmWhen the top edge of the Sun disappears below a flat, clear horizon. Behind hills, mountains or buildings the Sun disappears a few minutes earlier (or more in a valley).
Golden hour: the Sun is between 4° below and 6° above the horizon. The light is warm and soft and the shadows are long.5:18–5:30Blue hour5:18:18 pm – 5:30:29 pm
Blue hour: the Sun is between 6° and 4° below the horizon. The sky turns deep blue and lit buildings stand out against it.5:30Dark5:30:29 pm
End of civil twilight: the Sun reaches 6° below the horizon, and from then on artificial light is needed outdoors.6:41Night6:40:59 pm
End of astronomical twilight: the Sun is 18° below the horizon and the sky is dark enough to see the faintest stars. In a city it looks dark sooner.
Sun position chart
Now · Sun altitude: -5.47° (below the horizon) · Azimuth: 250.04° (W)
Daylight Golden Hour Blue Hour Twilight Night
Day length: 9 hours, 38 minutes
Sunset in Caltignaga was 28 minutes ago
Tomorrow
November 13, 2026
Night ends at 5:39 am5:39:08 am
Start of astronomical twilight: the Sun is 18° below the horizon and the sky begins to brighten, too faintly to notice in a city.·First light at 6:50 am6:49:48 am
Dawn, the start of civil twilight: the Sun is 6° below the horizon, and there is enough light to be outdoors without artificial light.
Sunrise time: 7:21:45 amWhen the top edge of the Sun appears over a flat, clear horizon. Behind hills, mountains or buildings the Sun appears a few minutes later (or more in a valley).
Sunset time: 4:57:31 pmWhen the top edge of the Sun disappears below a flat, clear horizon. Behind hills, mountains or buildings the Sun disappears a few minutes earlier (or more in a valley).
Dark at 5:29 pm5:29:27 pm
Dusk, the end of civil twilight: the Sun reaches 6° below the horizon, and from then on artificial light is needed outdoors.·Night at 6:40 pm6:40:04 pm
End of astronomical twilight: the Sun is 18° below the horizon and the sky is dark enough to see the faintest stars. In a city it looks dark sooner.
Day length: 9 hours, 35 minutes
Tomorrow will be 3 minutes shorter than today in Caltignaga
- Caltignaga, Piedmont
- Latitude: 45.520882 (North)
- Longitude: 8.58616 (East)
- Time zone: Central European Standard Time (CET, UTC+1)
Shortest day in Caltignaga, Piedmont
The shortest day of the year will be in 1 month and 9 days, during the winter solstice on December 21, 2026, with a daylight length of 8 hours, 42 minutes.Longest day in Caltignaga, Piedmont
The longest day of the year was around 4 months ago, during the summer solstice on June 21, 2026, with a daylight length of 15 hours, 41 minutes.Earliest sunset in Caltignaga, Piedmont
The earliest sunset of the year will be in 28 days, on December 10, 2026, at 4:42 pm.Latest sunset in Caltignaga, Piedmont
The latest sunset of the year was around 4 months ago, on June 26, 2026, at 9:18 pm.Earliest sunrise in Caltignaga, Piedmont
The earliest sunrise of the year was around 4 months ago, on June 15, 2026, at 5:36 am.Latest sunrise in Caltignaga, Piedmont
The latest sunrise of the year was around 10 months ago, on January 2, 2026, at 8:05 am.November 2026 - Caltignaga, Piedmont - Sunrise and sunset calendar
Sunrise and sunset times, civil twilight start and end times as well as solar noon, and day length for every day of November in Caltignaga.
All times are in Caltignaga's time: Central European Standard Time (CET, UTC+1).
The day length shortens by 1 hour, 7 minutes over the course of November 2026 in Caltignaga, Piedmont - from 10 hours, 7 minutes on the first day to 9 hours on the last day.
| Day | First LightStart of civil twilight: the Sun is 6° below the horizon, and there is enough light to be outdoors without artificial light. | SunriseWhen the top edge of the Sun appears over a flat, clear horizon. Behind hills, mountains or buildings the Sun appears a few minutes later (or more in a valley). | Sunrise Variation |
SunsetWhen the top edge of the Sun disappears below a flat, clear horizon. Behind hills, mountains or buildings the Sun disappears a few minutes earlier (or more in a valley). | Sunset Variation |
Last LightEnd of civil twilight: the Sun reaches 6° below the horizon, and from then on artificial light is needed outdoors. | Day Length | Day Length Variation | Solar NoonTime of day when the sun reaches its highest point in the sky. | Max Sun Altitude | Nautical Twilight Start | Nautical Twilight End | Astronomical Twilight Start | Astronomical Twilight End | Night LengthCalculated from this day's sunset to the next day's sunrise. | Moon phase | Solar Midnight | Sun DeclinationThe latitude where the Sun is directly overhead at solar noon (the Sun's declination). It moves between the two tropics through the year. | Moonrise | Moonset |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sun, Nov 1 | Twilight startStart of civil twilight: the Sun is 6° below the horizon, and there is enough light to be outdoors without artificial light.6:34:01 am | 7:04:56 am | +1m 23s | 5:12:50 pm | -1m 27s | Twilight endEnd of civil twilight: the Sun reaches 6° below the horizon, and from then on artificial light is needed outdoors.5:43:44 pm | 10h 7m 54s | -2m 51s | Solar noonTime of day when the sun reaches its highest point in the sky.12:09:11 pm | 29.97° | 5:59:01 am | 6:18:42 pm | 5:24:33 am | 6:53:07 pm | Night lengthCalculated from this day's sunset to the next day's sunrise.13h 53m 30s | 🌗 (49%) Last quarter at 9:28 pmLast quarter at 9:28 pm. At midnight, at the end of the day: 49% illuminated |
12:09:12 am | 14.5° S | ||
| Mon, Nov 2 | 6:35:20 am | 7:06:20 am | +1m 24s | 5:11:24 pm | -1m 26s | 5:42:23 pm | 10h 5m 4s | -2m 50s | 12:09:10 pm | 29.65° | 6:00:16 am | 6:17:25 pm | 5:25:47 am | 6:51:51 pm | 13h 56m 20s | 🌘 (38%)Waning Crescent: 38% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:09:10 am | 14.8° S | ||
| Tue, Nov 3 | 6:36:39 am | 7:07:44 am | +1m 24s | 5:10:00 pm | -1m 24s | 5:41:04 pm | 10h 2m 16s | -2m 48s | 12:09:10 pm | 29.34° | 6:01:32 am | 6:16:09 pm | 5:27:01 am | 6:50:37 pm | 13h 59m 8s | 🌘 (28%)Waning Crescent: 28% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:09:10 am | 15.1° S | ||
| Wed, Nov 4 | 6:37:59 am | 7:09:08 am | +1m 24s | 5:08:38 pm | -1m 22s | 5:39:46 pm | 9h 59m 30s | -2m 47s | 12:09:10 pm | 29.03° | 6:02:48 am | 6:14:55 pm | 5:28:15 am | 6:49:25 pm | 14h 1m 55s | 🌘 (19%)Waning Crescent: 19% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:09:09 am | 15.4° S | ||
| Thu, Nov 5 | 6:39:18 am | 7:10:33 am | +1m 25s | 5:07:17 pm | -1m 21s | 5:38:30 pm | 9h 56m 44s | -2m 45s | 12:09:12 pm | 28.73° | 6:04:03 am | 6:13:43 pm | 5:29:29 am | 6:48:15 pm | 14h 4m 40s | 🌘 (11%)Waning Crescent: 11% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:09:11 am | 15.8° S | ||
| Fri, Nov 6 | 6:40:37 am | 7:11:57 am | +1m 24s | 5:05:57 pm | -1m 20s | 5:37:16 pm | 9h 54m 0s | -2m 44s | 12:09:14 pm | 28.42° | 6:05:19 am | 6:12:32 pm | 5:30:42 am | 6:47:07 pm | 14h 7m 24s | 🌘 (6%)Waning Crescent: 6% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:09:13 am | 16.1° S | ||
| Sat, Nov 7 | 6:41:56 am | 7:13:21 am | +1m 24s | 5:04:39 pm | -1m 18s | 5:36:03 pm | 9h 51m 18s | -2m 42s | 12:09:17 pm | 28.13° | 6:06:34 am | 6:11:24 pm | 5:31:55 am | 6:46:00 pm | 14h 10m 6s | 🌘 (2%)Waning Crescent: 2% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:09:15 am | 16.4° S | ||
| Sun, Nov 8 | 6:43:15 am | 7:14:45 am | +1m 24s | 5:03:24 pm | -1m 15s | 5:34:53 pm | 9h 48m 39s | -2m 40s | 12:09:21 pm | 27.84° | 6:07:49 am | 6:10:17 pm | 5:33:08 am | 6:44:56 pm | 14h 12m 46s | 🌘 (0.3%)Waning Crescent: 0.3% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:09:19 am | 16.6° S | ||
| Mon, Nov 9 | 6:44:34 am | 7:16:10 am | +1m 25s | 5:02:09 pm | -1m 15s | 5:33:44 pm | 9h 45m 59s | -2m 38s | 12:09:26 pm | 27.55° | 6:09:04 am | 6:09:12 pm | 5:34:21 am | 6:43:54 pm | 14h 15m 25s | 🌑 (1%) New moon at 8:02 amNew moon at 8:02 am. At midnight, at the end of the day: 1% illuminated |
12:09:24 am | 16.9° S | ||
| Tue, Nov 10 | 6:45:53 am | 7:17:34 am | +1m 24s | 5:00:57 pm | -1m 12s | 5:32:37 pm | 9h 43m 23s | -2m 36s | 12:09:31 pm | 27.27° | 6:10:19 am | 6:08:10 pm | 5:35:33 am | 6:42:53 pm | 14h 18m 1s | 🌒 (3%)Waxing Crescent: 3% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:09:28 am | 17.2° S | ||
| Wed, Nov 11 | 6:47:12 am | 7:18:58 am | +1m 24s | 4:59:47 pm | -1m 10s | 5:31:32 pm | 9h 40m 49s | -2m 34s | 12:09:38 pm | 26.99° | 6:11:33 am | 6:07:09 pm | 5:36:45 am | 6:41:55 pm | 14h 20m 35s | 🌒 (7%)Waxing Crescent: 7% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:09:35 am | 17.5° S | ||
| Thu, Nov 12 | 6:48:30 am | 7:20:22 am | +1m 24s | 4:58:38 pm | -1m 9s | 5:30:29 pm | 9h 38m 16s | -2m 32s | 12:09:45 pm | 26.72° | 6:12:47 am | 6:06:10 pm | 5:37:57 am | 6:40:59 pm | 14h 23m 7s | 🌒 (12%)Waxing Crescent: 12% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:09:41 am | 17.8° S | ||
| Fri, Nov 13 | 6:49:48 am | 7:21:45 am | +1m 23s | 4:57:31 pm | -1m 7s | 5:29:27 pm | 9h 35m 46s | -2m 30s | 12:09:53 pm | 26.45° | 6:14:01 am | 6:05:13 pm | 5:39:08 am | 6:40:04 pm | 14h 25m 37s | 🌒 (19%)Waxing Crescent: 19% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:09:49 am | 18.0° S | ||
| Sat, Nov 14 | 6:51:06 am | 7:23:08 am | +1m 23s | 4:56:27 pm | -1m 4s | 5:28:28 pm | 9h 33m 19s | -2m 28s | 12:10:02 pm | 26.19° | 6:15:15 am | 6:04:18 pm | 5:40:19 am | 6:39:12 pm | 14h 28m 4s | 🌒 (27%)Waxing Crescent: 27% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:09:57 am | 18.3° S | ||
| Sun, Nov 15 | 6:52:24 am | 7:24:31 am | +1m 23s | 4:55:24 pm | -1m 3s | 5:27:31 pm | 9h 30m 53s | -2m 26s | 12:10:12 pm | 25.93° | 6:16:28 am | 6:03:25 pm | 5:41:30 am | 6:38:22 pm | 14h 30m 30s | 🌒 (36%)Waxing Crescent: 36% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:10:07 am | 18.5° S | ||
| Mon, Nov 16 | 6:53:41 am | 7:25:54 am | +1m 23s | 4:54:24 pm | -1m 0s | 5:26:36 pm | 9h 28m 30s | -2m 23s | 12:10:23 pm | 25.68° | 6:17:41 am | 6:02:35 pm | 5:42:40 am | 6:37:34 pm | 14h 32m 52s | 🌒 (45%)Waxing Crescent: 45% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:10:17 am | 18.8° S | ||
| Tue, Nov 17 | 6:54:58 am | 7:27:16 am | +1m 22s | 4:53:25 pm | -59s | 5:25:43 pm | 9h 26m 9s | -2m 21s | 12:10:35 pm | 25.44° | 6:18:54 am | 6:01:46 pm | 5:43:50 am | 6:36:48 pm | 14h 35m 13s | 🌓 (55%) First quarter at 12:47 pmFirst quarter at 12:47 pm. At midnight, at the end of the day: 55% illuminated |
12:10:29 am | 19.0° S | ||
| Wed, Nov 18 | 6:56:14 am | 7:28:38 am | +1m 22s | 4:52:29 pm | -56s | 5:24:52 pm | 9h 23m 51s | -2m 18s | 12:10:47 pm | 25.20° | 6:20:06 am | 6:01:00 pm | 5:44:59 am | 6:36:05 pm | 14h 37m 30s | 🌔 (65%)Waxing Gibbous: 65% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:10:41 am | 19.3° S | ||
| Thu, Nov 19 | 6:57:30 am | 7:29:59 am | +1m 21s | 4:51:35 pm | -54s | 5:24:04 pm | 9h 21m 36s | -2m 15s | 12:11:00 pm | 24.96° | 6:21:17 am | 6:00:15 pm | 5:46:08 am | 6:35:23 pm | 14h 39m 45s | 🌔 (74%)Waxing Gibbous: 74% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:10:53 am | 19.5° S | ||
| Fri, Nov 20 | 6:58:45 am | 7:31:20 am | +1m 21s | 4:50:43 pm | -52s | 5:23:17 pm | 9h 19m 23s | -2m 13s | 12:11:14 pm | 24.74° | 6:22:28 am | 5:59:33 pm | 5:47:16 am | 6:34:44 pm | 14h 41m 57s | 🌔 (83%)Waxing Gibbous: 83% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:11:07 am | 19.7° S | ||
| Sat, Nov 21 | 7:00:00 am | 7:32:40 am | +1m 20s | 4:49:54 pm | -49s | 5:22:33 pm | 9h 17m 14s | -2m 10s | 12:11:29 pm | 24.51° | 6:23:39 am | 5:58:53 pm | 5:48:24 am | 6:34:07 pm | 14h 44m 6s | 🌔 (90%)Waxing Gibbous: 90% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:11:21 am | 20.0° S | ||
| Sun, Nov 22 | 7:01:14 am | 7:34:00 am | +1m 20s | 4:49:06 pm | -48s | 5:21:51 pm | 9h 15m 6s | -2m 7s | 12:11:45 pm | 24.30° | 6:24:49 am | 5:58:16 pm | 5:49:31 am | 6:33:32 pm | 14h 46m 12s | 🌔 (96%)Waxing Gibbous: 96% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:11:37 am | 20.2° S | ||
| Mon, Nov 23 | 7:02:28 am | 7:35:18 am | +1m 18s | 4:48:21 pm | -45s | 5:21:11 pm | 9h 13m 3s | -2m 4s | 12:12:02 pm | 24.09° | 6:25:58 am | 5:57:40 pm | 5:50:38 am | 6:32:59 pm | 14h 48m 15s | 🌔 (99%)Waxing Gibbous: 99% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:11:54 am | 20.4° S | ||
| Tue, Nov 24 | 7:03:40 am | 7:36:36 am | +1m 18s | 4:47:39 pm | -42s | 5:20:34 pm | 9h 11m 3s | -2m 0s | 12:12:19 pm | 23.88° | 6:27:07 am | 5:57:07 pm | 5:51:44 am | 6:32:29 pm | 14h 50m 14s | 🌕 (99.6%) Full moon at 3:53 pmFull moon at 3:53 pm. At midnight, at the end of the day: 99.6% illuminated |
12:12:10 am | 20.6° S | ||
| Wed, Nov 25 | 7:04:52 am | 7:37:53 am | +1m 17s | 4:46:59 pm | -40s | 5:19:59 pm | 9h 9m 6s | -1m 57s | 12:12:37 pm | 23.69° | 6:28:14 am | 5:56:36 pm | 5:52:49 am | 6:32:01 pm | 14h 52m 10s | 🌖 (97%)Waning Gibbous: 97% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:12:28 am | 20.8° S | ||
| Thu, Nov 26 | 7:06:03 am | 7:39:09 am | +1m 16s | 4:46:21 pm | -38s | 5:19:26 pm | 9h 7m 12s | -1m 54s | 12:12:56 pm | 23.50° | 6:29:21 am | 5:56:07 pm | 5:53:53 am | 6:31:35 pm | 14h 54m 3s | 🌖 (92%)Waning Gibbous: 92% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:12:47 am | 21.0° S | ||
| Fri, Nov 27 | 7:07:14 am | 7:40:24 am | +1m 15s | 4:45:46 pm | -35s | 5:18:56 pm | 9h 5m 22s | -1m 50s | 12:13:15 pm | 23.31° | 6:30:28 am | 5:55:41 pm | 5:54:57 am | 6:31:11 pm | 14h 55m 52s | 🌖 (84%)Waning Gibbous: 84% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:13:05 am | 21.2° S | ||
| Sat, Nov 28 | 7:08:23 am | 7:41:38 am | +1m 14s | 4:45:13 pm | -33s | 5:18:28 pm | 9h 3m 35s | -1m 47s | 12:13:35 pm | 23.13° | 6:31:33 am | 5:55:17 pm | 5:55:59 am | 6:30:50 pm | 14h 57m 38s | 🌖 (75%)Waning Gibbous: 75% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:13:25 am | 21.3° S | ||
| Sun, Nov 29 | 7:09:31 am | 7:42:51 am | +1m 13s | 4:44:43 pm | -30s | 5:18:02 pm | 9h 1m 52s | -1m 43s | 12:13:56 pm | 22.96° | 6:32:37 am | 5:54:55 pm | 5:57:01 am | 6:30:31 pm | 14h 59m 20s | 🌖 (64%)Waning Gibbous: 64% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:13:45 am | 21.5° S | ||
| Mon, Nov 30 | 7:10:38 am | 7:44:03 am | +1m 12s | 4:44:15 pm | -28s | 5:17:39 pm | 9h 0m 12s | -1m 39s | 12:14:18 pm | 22.80° | 6:33:41 am | 5:54:36 pm | 5:58:02 am | 6:30:14 pm | 15h 0m 58s | 🌖 (53%)Waning Gibbous: 53% illuminated at midnight, at the end of the day | 12:14:07 am | 21.7° S |
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Year distribution of sunrise and sunset times in Caltignaga, Piedmont - 2026
The following graph shows sunrise and sunset times in Caltignaga, Piedmont for every day of the year. There are two jumps in the graph that represent the hour change for Daylight Saving Time (DST) in Caltignaga, Piedmont.
Daylight Dawn & dusk (civil twilight) Night Solar noon · Vertical steps in the curves = DST clock change
Earliest and latest sunrise and sunset in Caltignaga
In Caltignaga, the earliest sunrise of 2026 is on June 15 at 5:36 am, while the latest sunrise is on January 2 at 8:05 am. The earliest sunset is on December 10 at 4:42 pm, and the latest sunset is on June 26 at 9:18 pm.
Caltignaga gets 6h 59m more daylight on the longest day than on the shortest one (15h 41m versus 8h 42m). Averaged over the whole year, a day lasts 12h 13m.
Caltignaga Analemma
Due to Earth's tilted axis and slightly elliptical orbit, the Sun is never seen in the same position at noon in Caltignaga. Throughout the year, it slowly traces this figure-eight:
Move along the curve to read the Sun's altitude and azimuth for any day of the year in Caltignaga.
Over the year, the 12:00 Sun swings between just 20.8° above the horizon (around Dec 23) and 67.2° (around Jun 20) in Caltignaga. The smaller loop sits at the top, the signature of a Northern Hemisphere analemma. Notice the whole figure leans east of the meridian: over Caltignaga the Sun reaches its highest point between 12:09 and 12:39 depending on the time of year, but never at 12:00.
Detailed Analemma Chart
The technical chart below plots one dot per day, labels the first day of each month, marks the solstices, equinoxes, perihelion and aphelion, and draws the noon altitude of the equinoxes (90° minus your latitude) together with its ±23.4° seasonal limits.
Why does the figure look wider here than in the sky view above?
Both draw the same data, but with different conventions. The sky view uses the same scale on both axes, so it shows the analemma with its true proportions, as a camera would capture it: about 47° tall and only a few degrees wide. This chart, like most technical analemma diagrams, stretches each axis independently to fill the plot, expanding the narrow azimuth range several times so its day-to-day variation can actually be read. Also, azimuth is not sky distance: near the zenith, one degree of azimuth spans much less than one degree across the sky, which further widens the figure in this representation.
Places near Caltignaga, Piedmont
These nearby towns and cities have almost the same sunrise and sunset times as Caltignaga, Piedmont — the difference is only seconds to a couple of minutes. Select any place to see its own sun calendar:
Sologno 2 kmCameri 6 kmMomo 6 kmBellinzago Novarese 7 kmCastellazzo Novarese 8 kmSan Pietro Mosezzo 8 kmCasaleggio Novara 8 kmBarengo 8 km
Larger cities around Caltignaga, and how much earlier or later the sun sets there today:
Milan 2 min earlierComo 3 min earlierAlessandria 2 min laterTurin 5 min laterBergamo 5 min earlier
